Atkins and diet

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For the first two weeks of the Atkins diet plan (called Induction), carbohydrate intake is limited to 20 grams a day, meaning that protein and fat will, by necessity, form the bulk of the diet. In order to avoid health problems caused by vitamin and mineral deficiencies during this period, vitamin and mineral supplements form an essential part of this phase of the diet.

Authored by Dr. Robert C. Atkins, the diet regimen is a low carbohydrate, high protein diet. According to the popular way of following this diet you are allowed to eat as much fat as you like as long as you consume very little carbohydrates. The magic behind the short-term success of low carbohydrate diets lies in their effect on the body: the body's preferred energy source is glucose. When carbohydrates are significantly restricted, the body runs short on its constant supply of glucose, the breakdown product of carbohydrate. The body anticipates these situations by storing glucose (glycogen) in the muscles and liver. For every gram of glycogen the body stores, it must store with it three grams of water. If carbohydrates are significantly limited, the body will break down these glycogen stores to obtain glucose for energy. When the glycogen is broken down stored water is released and excreted. The more aggressive the carbohydrate restriction, the more dramatic this effect. Hence, water loss.

Dr. Robert Eckel of the American Heart Association says that high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets put people at risk for heart disease. [3]