Brain cancer symptoms

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Cancer is, ultimately, a disease of genes. Typically, a series of several mutations is required before a cell becomes a cancer cell. We distinguish between oncogenes, which promote cancer when "switched on" by a mutation, and tumor suppressor genes, which prevent cancer unless "switched off" by a mutation. These mutations can have various causes: radiation or chemicals called carcinogens; some inherited predisposition is not uncommon; some viruses that can cause cancer have also been described. Usually, they carry in their genome some oncogene or tumor suppressor inactivating gene. In about 15% of all cancers, viruses seem to play a role; Bacteria, like Helicobacter pylori, also induce carcinogenesis by a process of chronic inflammation. Finally, damage by free radicals, which are a natural by-product of oxygen metabolism, can cause mutations in the DNA.

Treatment of cancer typically involves surgery to remove tumors and nearby lymph nodes to which the cancer may have spread, combined with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. The latter two target cells in the body that are rapidly dividing. This includes the cancer cells but also certain healthy ones, which is the reason for the severe side effects of these treatments.

Carcinogenesis (lit.: creation of cancer) is the process of derangement of the rate of cell division.

Shirley's Wellness Cafe
Promotes holistic and alternative approaches for cancer prevention and treatment.
ZoeMed.com: Cancer Life Center
Presents an array of resources. Supported in partnership by the Ortho Biotech pharmaceutical firm.
The Cancer Letter
Periodical which supplies news and current information about the state of research and treatment.
World Oncology Network
World directory of cancer specialists and hematologists.
Cancer Rates And Risks
Provides international incidence and mortality rates including information about risk factors. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute.

Brain cancer symptoms